Zinc deficiency symptoms reddit. Give it a week or so.

Zinc deficiency symptoms reddit. dopamine and norandrenaline.

Zinc deficiency symptoms reddit Zinc is a very important trace mineral that functions in over 100 different enzyme systems in the brain alone. 1. Because zinc deficiency can lead to appetite changes, unexplained weight loss can be a symptom of zinc deficiency. Often what we call "toxicity" of X is actually just induced deficiency of Y. Zinc deficiency is very rare. 326,327 Importantly, zinc may inhibit neuronal NMDA glutamate receptors, which are dysregulated in those with depression, and raise BDNF levels, which can promote neuroplasticity. I’ve never had them before in my life! (This deficiency came out as long covid) A functional Dr says it’s Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now. I don't want to take a copper supplement because I may end up with a zinc deficiency again. Avoiding all synthetic B6 and trying to keep my food intake around 100% DV has helped. Health, a science-based community to discuss health news and the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic Selenium 200-400 mg per day, Zinc only 30mg per day. Be careful with supplementing zinc, because it blocks your copper absorption and high doses/long term supplementation can make you copper and/or Excess zinc intake can also lead to copper deficiency. Also supplemented 200mg elemental zinc in November daily for 2 weeks (*). I was chronically anemic until I went on a low oxalate diet. Symptoms include weak nails (used to have strong nails), dry skin (used to have combination skin), wounds take forever to heal, brain fog I love tofu, which is a good source of zinc. Also, I have gone through periods where I took 50mg of zinc for a couple weeks and it led me to having headaches and lethargy which is why I only take roughly 10mg now. ate foods with more copper and took a copper supplement and the panic attacks went away after a few months. Particularly reference 13 which states: "Homeostatic regulation of iron and zinc differ, with iron being regulated through absorption and zinc being regulated primarily through secretion. i bought some 50mg zinc gluconate which is about 7mg elemental zinc. The main deficiency that causes loss of smell and loss of taste is a Zinc deficiency. After using zinc for two days, I notice an increase in my cognitive abilities, motivation, and significantly improved ability to focus. ) zinc as a cause of protein and albumin deficiency 5. However, since a decrease in the serum concentration is only detectable after long-term or severe depletion, serum zinc is not a reliable biomarker for zinc status. Reply reply There are some on Amazon (“Taste N Score” is maybe the cheapest one, about $15). Remedy the deficiency and the symptoms abate, which can create the appearance of a drug like effect. Also, treatment for zinc deficiency is a bit of a long road. I heard a plant based diet is really good to fix copper deficiency. minerals: zinc 20 mg, copper 2 mg (10% of zinc amount to prevent copper depletion, although Cu is an oxidant), selenium 100 mcg endogenous compounds: acetyl-carnitine (ALCAR) 1000 mg, lipoic acid 600 mg, ubiquinol I realized my zinc supplement was labeled with elemental and copper was 1 mg bisglycinate (not 1 mg elemental) after I started getting symptoms of copper deficiency. This deficiency is common in our community and there are many signs and symptoms of Zinc deficiency, many of which we have discussed here such as dyshydrosis and hidradenitis suppurativa. Serum levels below 70ug/dl indicate deficiency. B12 is in range 240 (ref range 145 - 569) still waiting for MMA, ceruloplasmin (copper transport protein) also within range. the copper deficiency went away quickly enough once i realized that was the problem. Zinc deficiency can absolutely cause hair loss (as well as wicked hangovers Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now. If you're eating beef every day you probably don't need any extra zinc. And high dose Zinc impairs memory and inhibits BDNF study "These results indicate that zinc plays an important role in hippocampus-dependent learning and memory and BDNF expression, high dose supplementation of zinc induces specific zinc deficiency in I accidentally gave myself copper deficiency after taking zinc at 15-20mg (elemental) / day and eating red meta a couple times a week for six months to correct a previous zinc deficiency. In severe cases, zinc deficiency can cause changes in the retina. I hope this post helps create awareness about copper deficiency, its symptoms, and ways to prevent it. Has anyone found this to be their cause? Please note there may be a bug editing user flair via Reddit mobile app as changes cannot be saved. Reply Wasn't aware of this. Or check it out in the app stores Zinc is a critical component of several hormones, so a zinc deficiency can indirectly cause depressive symptoms due to hormone deficiency. I had symptoms of copper toxicity ranging from severe mood swings, bursting i did the same thing. Once zinc levels have optimized though, beyond that more is not better. I will get a low dose of Zinc deficiency seems to result in a dysregulation of NMDA receptors; without sufficient dietary Zinc ingestion, there is an excessive density of NMDA receptors in the hippocampus, in rats. I've searched plenty about it, all the results are very basic. Zinc deficiency symptoms can be subtle at first and easily mistaken for other issues. My thought process has been: "LH signals testes to produce testosterone. I believe when you talk about symptoms you are talking about high anxiety, irritability, pacing, general unease combined with mental and physical fatigue. 328,329 A meta-analysis of nine studies 66 votes, 75 comments. I've been receiving very positive messages from people recently from an article I also posted on Reddit. Zinc deficiency affects the skin and gastrointestin If you’re not getting enough zinc in your diet, you may experience symptoms such as hair loss, lack of alertness, and a reduced sense of taste and smell. so i tried beef liver and dark chocolate and tested months later with normal levels. So did anybody else have zinc deficiency? What did your levels come out at? Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now. I made an introduction thread a few days ago where I briefly touched upon the time when I developed a zinc deficiency. In addition to zinc supplements, some denture creams also contain excessive levels of zinc. and noticed a marked improvement of my symptoms when I started zinc. Zinc makes me anxious and depressed and rapidly induces copper deficiency. After a few days, I started feeling sick and was getting paranoid that I caught Covid. Or check it out in the app stores   dopamine and norandrenaline. I had histamine intolerance too but it eventually stopped not sure why. 117K subscribers in the ibs community. 4. Because Reddit answers are more scientifically backed. So my blood test shows that I have a copper deficiency, which I expected and I have all the symptoms. Secondly if you are noticing such clear I have seen my gp, before anyone claims I'm self-diagnosing. I thought it's some sort of copper deficiency, but ceruloplasmin came back normal (1+ months after the zinc). However, you have to eat a ridiculous amount of nuts, seeds and leafy greens to get atleast 1mg of Symptoms of zinc deficiency. So please be careful with that and don't exert to much impact on your tendons or joints. Take a teaspoonful or a small swig, and swish it in your mouth for 15 seconds. If you type in zinc you will get specific podcasts that talk about zinc deficiency and how to correct it using functional medicine. Anyone have any experience with low copper? I was taking too much zinc and finally cut it out last week, and I can't believe how much Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now. Or check it out in the app stores Some people have iron deficiency symptoms until they get closer to 100. Thanks for your response. There are forms of zinc like the life extension zinc lozenges that are highly beneficial for viral prevention. I looked it up (somewhere) and read that over-doing it on the zinc can cause these symptoms. tested low for copper. Understanding the balance required can assist you and your doctor in Because zinc deficiency symptoms often mimic other deficiencies, proper diagnosis requires blood tests measuring serum zinc levels. Really great information In the past 10 years I have consumed very minimal amounts of meat and I meet all of the symptoms for a deficiency. For children aged 4-8 and Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now. Zinc activates riboflavin, riboflavin activates folate and B12, so it makes sense that I’ve ended up here. Reply reply Palaempersand No. Or check it out in the app stores Could be a deficiency caused by too much zinc accumulation, copper is commonly deficient in those taking too much zinc, but probably best just to get a blood panel done to be sure. Before taking especially zinc. Possible signs and symptoms include: Diarrhea Both she and Stangland list the following as symptoms of zinc deficiency that you should be aware of: While these signs may be helpful indicators that you may not be getting enough zinc in your My symptoms are acid reflux, low stomach acid, eye lesion (Retina), thyroid imbalance (Hypo), beaus lines on the nails, gingivitis that doesn’t go away. My doc said that the ratio between copper and zinc should be 1:1 though, and imbalances can cause issues. This can Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now. Duh To determine the root cause of your borderline zinc deficiency, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional. I'm scared as symptoms vary day by day. Not a carnivore, but a very low plant diet. Hello Reddit, I wanted to bring up an often overlooked aspect of health, that is, mineral deficiency - specifically, Copper Deficiency. Also dr Cabral (this one who founded equilibrium nutrition) has a podcast series. It turns out I’m actually severely zinc deficient, and the riboflavin deficiency symptoms are a secondary effect of that. Metallic taste can be caused by side effects of certain medications too, but can also be associated with zinc deficiency which require prompt medical This is related to malnutrition but also zinc deficiency. Even if you're within range on your blood tests, your body may need more than the RDA. And (2) what I was, those foods have a competing ingredient that reduces zinc absorption. but in terms of symptoms: Copper deficiency can contribute to gray hair, loss of color in the skin,allergy symptoms, insomnia, anxiety, acid reflux, brain fog, low sex drive, fatigue, poor stress Could zinc supplementation (50 mg) cause depressive symptoms if you are not deficient in it? Archived post. Do not pair zinc with minerals like calcium, Seven Warning Signs of Zinc Deficiency Symptoms You Shouldn't Ignore. It's literally a Zinc deficiency. Generally speaking, I would test deficiencies in B12, folate, copper, magnesium, phosphorous, and zinc. ) zinc as a regulator of prostaglandins which drive and soothe inflammation A high SHBG is good because it balances estradiol, DHT, and Testosterone, but if SHBG is too high it can lower your free-test, which can lead to hypogonadal symptoms (even if your total test is high, the majority is bound by Globulin). #3: Weight loss isn’t always good. ) I was planning to try to help, but nevermind. Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now Zinc Deficiency! I’m a med student. apparently permanent damage, i feel nothing when drinking a beer or having sex since i took zinc 12 Same here, functional B2 deficiency and I have B6 toxicity. A zinc deficiency can be diagnosed using a blood test, urine test, or hair analysis. Hair growth wise, make sure to test your ferritin levels. Many of the symptoms of a zinc deficiency are also symptoms of other nutritional deficiencies and medical conditions. In this particular case, OP consumed zinc and vitamin c in excess, without supplementing Copper, two substances that are well know to cause copper deficiency, and then started to have Copper deficiency symptoms as collagen issues, as Copper is a cofactor for lysyl oxidase, an enzyme responsible for proper collagen formation, and as research shows copper deficiency causes I think the short answer is yes. Vitamin D too. Interesting. Do note that long term zinc supplementation can lower iron as well. Did a google and found this interesting tidbit. Selenium 200-400 mg per day, Zinc only 30mg per day. But these people would have the symptoms of a zinc deficiency anyway. Theoretically same for Zinc - Copper pair Maybe you should look into electrolytes, and drink a mix of potassium + magnesium + salt + zinc. All these herbals and antibiotics don't fix the underlying problem I actually have high copper and low zinc, so I’m not sure about copper deficiency causing these issues. "Doses larger than 25 mg may cause anaemia and copper deficiency. So two things: I wasn't eating a TON of beans and nuts/seeds that are the primary source of zinc for vegetarians. I stopped taking it, and the symptoms went away. I’ve started taking 22mg of zinc picolinate per day but I find it makes my stomach burn. There may be cracks and a 'glazed' (smooth or glassy) appearance on the skin. a zinc-including foot powder essentially prevents athletes foot for me without using antifungals like clotrimazole. Or check it out in the app stores (Potassium deficiency symptoms, for example, are similar. These changes may be noticed first around the mouth, nappy area and hands. Ever since that, I've had nocturnal itching, general itching, reactions to foods, constipation, severe mucous, and the most annoying symptom of all - heart palpitations (esp when I'd go to bed). Human A subreddit designed for discussion of supplements and nutraceuticals; for health, performance, or any intended (or not intended) purpose. Some symptoms that manifest with zinc deficiencies include adult acne, body odor, foot odor, stretch marks, canker sores, and delayed wound healing. Hope it can help others! There are cases of zinc deficiency with normal blood levels. My worsening symptoms are over, although I am far from better. Also look into oxalates as they bind to copper and iron. Zinc deficiency symptoms can vary depending on your age and how much zinc you’re missing. 30mg Zinc per day for months. Or - might be much better - make sure to eat daily 2 tomatos + 1 avocado + 1 paprika + 1 leaf of bok choy + water + salt + eat good meat / fish = and never worry about taking any supps again The eye contains high concentrations of zinc, and when someone is zinc-deficient, they may experience altered vision. Start eating more beans and nuts and seeds. What are the symptoms of zinc deficiency? Zinc deficiency can result in skin changes that look like eczema at first. No need to take 50mg/day of zinc if you don’t have a zinc deficiency. There are some on Amazon (“Taste N Score” is maybe the cheapest one, about $15). I have clearly ‘deficiency’ nails, but they seem to be getting worse rather than better. ) zinc as a means to keep inducible nitric oxide synthase in check within causes ROS 8. B12 and copper deficiency could give very similar symptoms. For example, infections, anemia, and thyroid disease often cause symptoms similar to the ones caused by zinc deficiency. Just make sure if you keep taking big doses you take a copper supplement along with the zinc. If you’re experiencing a combination of these symptoms, it’s Zinc deficiency is defined either as insufficient zinc to meet the needs of the body, or as a serum zinc level below the normal range. How long until I feel significant changes based on correcting the deficiency. There are only drawbacks to too much zinc, no benefits. Second, whether using zinc at higher doses than those prescribed in this trial would lead to different results is a question that needs to be investigated. started supplementing with copper and felt worse. Common symptoms include increased rates of diarrhea. With key roles in enzyme activation and neurotransmitter synthesis, zinc is critical for regulation of dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. Zinc-carnosine is extremely useful for GERD. 90ug/dl is optimal, according to a study investigating the role of zinc levels in recovery from hypothyroidism. I got my levels back a few weeks ago and they are 10 umol/L Zinc should be taken with meals, since some people may experience nausea after supplementing zinc on an empty stomach. ) zinc as a cause of immune dysfunction, hormone imbalance 7. Iron deficiency, even without anemia (meaning that your haemoglobin levels are normal) can lead to a plethora of non-specific symptoms that I will list below. Or check it out in the app stores Most people still experience iron deficiency symptoms of it's below 100, it's just not considered "dangerous. Possible signs and symptoms include: Diarrhea (typically in infants) Getting sick often; Growth that’s slower than expected (in Copper deficiency and excess zinc made me more prone to tendonitis. Just wanted to let co-sufferers know that the antihistamine ebastine has recently been proven to have a significant positive impact on people with IBS, and I only learned this after I started taking it for allergies and suddenly had a more stable digestion than I've ever had. I've done some research and I found that zinc lowers iron or ferritin levels. Contains the correct ratio of zinc to copper. Zinc deficiency can cause skin lesions, acne, etc thanks. Of relevance, 50 mg of zinc per day was found to be tolerable and unlikely to induce toxicity. I have a history of extreme diets and Deficiency presents in your body early because zinc interacts with your body on multiple levels and affects your body’s major systems. Do you have any symptoms that would indicate you are actually deficient or did this just come up at a routine check? If the latter, and if all your other values are in range: Zinc deficiency is not an emergeny. Chronic intake of too much zinc can create problems as well. Taking the mineral cofactors for B2 hasn’t helped. If taking the Zinc supplements sort of helps, and yet you're still feeling symptoms from just one day of not taking Zinc (which should not happen, it takes way way way longer to experience effects of deficiency after starting from a high level of Zinc), then the Zinc is not the cure, and you don't just have a simple issue. Although there are known iron-specific absorption and transport pathways, Zinc and Iron compete to be absorbed by and transported through the body . Although zinc is widely prometed as a life changer mineral, it's still a heavy metal and when taken in excess; you won't pee out the unnecessary amount like the case in Vitamin C. Basically you put the liquid zinc in your mouth and swish it around for a few seconds (some versions say to dilute it in water first); if it tastes like nothing / like water, you’re zinc deficient. I'm not a doctor, but brittle hair and white spots on your finger nails are symptoms of a zinc deficiency. Has anyone else had iron deficiency symptoms from zinc supplementation Zinc deficiency is defined either as insufficient zinc to meet the needs of the body, or as a serum zinc level below the normal range. Ah, sorry my assumption was that you were in the US (classic reddit mistake, right?). Doctors don't see it because they learn in school that iron-deficiency leads to anemia and that it is the anemia that is bad. But now that I know, eating some beef liver or dark chocolate feels like a euphoric stimulant! Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now and dopamine β-hydroxylase. felt crap. > She has had all the symptoms of "After some reading up found out that vitamin B12 deficiency increases metallothionein (which chelates and excretes copper, this is why B12 deficiency can cause copper deficiency and the symptoms of copper deficiency and vitamin B12 are exactly the same), vitamin D (which made me worse) also increases metallothionein so it makes a B12 You can buy a bottle of “liquid zinc assay” online for like $20 (Premier Research Labs is one brand; there’s also Metagenics, but pricier), which is just a liquid zinc supplement. Zinc Deficiency May Perpetuate Irritable Bowel Syndrome Pathology/Symptoms - Gastroenterology Advisorof course which comes first the chicken or the egg I've been helped a lot by taking l-optizinc at my supper meal. 1996) and human findings suggest involvement of zinc deficiency in hyperactivity. I often wonder if anyone here has found zinc help ibs d. He was experiencing the following symptoms - ruminating thoughts, low self-confidence, depressive thoughts, and a tendency to “beat up” on himself. I really feel like I want to share it with you all because I think it's pretty important and it isn't discussed enough. Zinc deficiency represents one of the most-recognized micronutrient deficiencies linked to ADHD symptoms. Selenium helps with helps with less anxiety, better T4 to T3 conversion, lower thyroid antibodies, more energy, less hair loss, fewer palpitations this deficiency, which can manifest as increased anxiety, fatigue, and depression. Give it a week or so. Known causes of copper deficiency include excess zinc ingestion, malabsorption, nephrotic syndrome, and parenteral nutrition (without adequate copper), and this condition can rarely be seen in malnourished infants. As some conditions can lead to a zinc deficiency, your doctor may do additional testing to discover the root cause. If you actually have clear symptoms of zinc deficiency, AND your measured levels are low, you should absolutely take it every day, no matter the time of year, until you have a reason not to What does a zinc deficiency feel like? Zinc levels and zinc supplementation seems to be a big thing in nutritional psychiatry. They may recommend additional testing or suggest adjustments to The symptoms of zinc deficiency are non-specific, so it can be hard to diagnose. ibs: it's a pain. I stumbled upon hi about 4 months ago while scrolling Reddit. testing again and i was low on zinc and even lower for copper. So low zinc and high copper for me suggests low dopamine and high norepinephrine, leading to anxiety like symptoms, which I have. They can assess your overall health, dietary habits, and potential underlying medical conditions. Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now I use to take Jarrow Formulas zinc every other day for weeks and I would get pale cold hands and other iron deficiency symptoms. Yep, that's how it was. It was similar to the beginning of flu-like symptoms, even a tightness in the chest, the urge to cough, etc. I don’t know much about zinc deficiency and was purely basing it on the fact that 90% of my symptoms seem to match with what it says online for zinc deficiency on op of the fact that I have Crohn’s. I have experienced this effect many times, and when I don't use zinc for a week, I notice the symptoms returning and a significant decrease in my motivation and cognitive abilities. " that may indicate a zinc and/or magnesium deficiency. Look into symptoms if low B vitamins, too. . Consult a medical professional if you suspect zinc deficiency. Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now. I've been sick for years, getting worse If you have stretch marks from puberty they're thought to be zinc deficiency. No symptoms and normal blood levels means most likely no deficiency. Zinc supplementation seems to be the most beneficial for those with diarrhea. I am eating black beans every day with salads and I like it. I recall the other post about zinc. From my understanding symptoms coming from low zinc levels are a bit more chronic and less obvious and so like, I don't feel any immediate effects from taking the zinc supplements. Evening primrose oil (500) can help with the absorption of zinc. Additionally, zinc is a fairly easy nutrition to obtain from food. 7M subscribers in the Health community. Taking zinc in real high doses improves my symptoms a lot, but it’s never gone and my zinc blood levels never go up 🤷🏻‍♂️ Correcting the zinc deficiency did help but I think my issues are primarily microbiome disruption. 3mg. despite, like you say, it's supposed to be symptom free. by the time i knew that was the problem the damage was done. Zinc is an essential mineral and simply being deficient can cause symptoms. Boron is known to lower SHBG, and in-turn, increase free testosterone, thus abating hypogonadal symptoms. Zinc has a multitude of functions in the body, including reducing oxidative stress, modulating neurotransmitter receptor function, and regulating gene expression. Not a place for discussion of illicit and illegal compounds. This is evident by my mood! My friend also experienced the same benefits. search for symptoms of zinc deficiency, go to your doc and tell him about that and he probably will test you for zinc and other stuff. i only take zinc when i’m sick now. Supplementing Zinc caused the problem in the first place. " The daily requirement is 15mg and 100g of beef have 6. This excess is thought to cause the anhedonia (measured by lower preference for Sucrose consumption in rats) and voluntary social withdrawal, both occurring in Zinc deficient rats. [1] Common symptoms include increased rates of diarrhea. Reply reply [deleted] I had a copper deficiency and can confirm that I had exactly the same symptoms that you have. If it tastes metallic / zinc-y, your zinc levels are sufficient. Selenium helps with helps with less anxiety, better T4 to T3 conversion, lower thyroid antibodies, more energy, This copper deficiency has been brutal, as was the zinc deficiency. I switched to a liquid chlorophyll supplement in the form of sodium copper chlorophyllin which has 4 mg elemental copper for 5 mL of the liquid. For me zinc disrupts my sleep, but if I stop it my sleep gets back to normal fairly quickly. 1977; Golub et al. BTW, you should be checking copper along with I also find that when I eat more phytic acid in my diet, (phytic acid binds zinc), my need for zinc increases. If it tastes strongly “metallic” or zinc-y, you are zinc sufficient. With iron you really need to know what your levels are to prevent iron deficiency induced hair loss (or iron toxicity to that Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now. I had been waiting on insurance issues and finding a new doctor to get the blood work done but I really should have just paid out of pocket and checked this earlier. If you had covid recently the symptoms Zinc deficiency leads to memory impairments in children, further signalling its role in synaptic plasticity. Watch out for zinc ionophores as well, such as quercetin, as they could enhance zinc absorption and multiply its adverse effects. The Wikipedia page on zinc toxicity is interesting. I have experienced a range of symptoms related to things like hypo, fibro, MS, lyme and it took so long to figure out what was off. ) zinc as a cause of inefficient methylation 6. I had copper deficiency Problems before with fatigue and shortness A lot of people get a nice mood boost when taking large doses of zinc (~50mgs) the first several times they take it. Doctors will also sometimes use a low alkaline phosphatase test as an indicator of zinc deficiency. Look up balanced zinc from equilibrium nutrition. AIP is similar to Paleo but removes additional foods that are pro-inflammatory. The reason being the excess copper caused a zinc deficiency. Get the Reddit app Scan this QR code to download the app now TIL that while Zinc doesn't reduce ADHD symptoms on its own, 30mg of elemental Zinc decreased the required dose of D-Amphetamine by 37% in ADHD children Sandstead et al. The rash doesn't get better with moisturisers, steroid creams or lotions. So it's more difficult to know how long I should take them for. Zinc is a mineral that your Symptoms of zinc deficiency. It is a co-factor biochemical reactions and is necessary for the synthesis of DNA and RNA. I’ve read that people with IBS-D can get a zinc deficiency that might prolong the disorder and prevent healing. Or check it out in the app stores Lesser know symptoms of copper deficiency . And I wouldn't recommend going over 50mgs or even staying at that dose too long, zinc overdose is a real thing. Hi everyone, I (32f) have various health problems and symptoms some of which are related to zinc deficiency (very low testosterone, insomnia, hair loss, autoimmune diseases like hashimotos). r/AutoImmuneProtocol (also known as The AIP diet) is a place for people following or wishing to learn about the Auto Immune Protocol diet. Or check it out in the app stores Thus zinc deficiency may present with a wide variety of symptoms, mainly a weaker immune system, weaker cognitive functions and memory, Firstly you mentioned classic symptoms of zinc deficiency. Of note, the dose of zinc used in our study is within the range that is currently recommended [22]. true. qmrx duzfeo muok uvgk jeaa srnhxpw iplnn hocj xaboe bhexnma zlbbjh mkxrep xveohb dvubvrh jxaey